Welcome to Matera, Italy — a stunning destination that feels like stepping into a time machine, yet offers all the modern comforts you could ever need. Whether you’re looking for a historical escape, a foodie adventure, or just a unique getaway, Matera is ready to amaze you. Here’s everything you need to know before you set off on your journey.
Geographic Location
Matera is located in the southern Italian region of Basilicata, perched on the edge of a ravine formed by the Gravina River. It’s famously known for its ancient cave dwellings, called “Sassi,” and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. The town itself is tucked between two national parks—Pollino and Murgia Materana—making it not only historically significant but also surrounded by natural beauty.
History and Culture
Matera’s rich history dates back to the Paleolithic era, and it has been continuously inhabited for over 9,000 years! The Sassi districts, carved directly into the rocky landscape, were homes to ancient civilizations and later became refuge to various groups over the centuries. The city was once considered the “shame of Italy” due to its poverty but has now been transformed into a UNESCO World Heritage site and was even crowned the European Capital of Culture in 2019. The blend of historical preservation and cultural vibrancy makes Matera a place like no other.
Climate and Weather
Matera enjoys a Mediterranean climate, meaning hot summers and mild winters. If you’re not a fan of extreme heat, aim to visit during spring or autumn when temperatures are more comfortable, and the landscape is particularly lush. The summer months (June to August) can be quite hot, with temperatures reaching up to 35°C (95°F), while winters are mild but can dip to around 5°C (41°F) at night.
How to Get There
Matera is easily accessible by various means of transportation. The nearest major airport is Bari Karol Wojtyla Airport, about 65 kilometers (40 miles) away. From there, you can take a train, bus, or rent a car for the scenic drive. If you’re coming from within Italy, regional trains and buses connect Matera with other cities like Naples, Bari, and Rome. Make sure to check schedules in advance, as not all routes operate frequently.
Main Tourist Attractions in Matera
Sassi di Matera
The Sassi districts are without a doubt the crown jewels of Matera. These ancient cave dwellings, some of which date back over 9,000 years, offer a fascinating glimpse into the past. As you wander through the narrow, winding streets, you’ll feel like you’ve stepped into another world. Many of the caves have been transformed into restaurants, shops, and boutique hotels, but the sense of history remains palpable. Don’t miss the opportunity to visit some of the churches carved directly into the rock, such as Santa Maria de Idris and San Pietro Barisano. Walking tours are available, but it’s also worth simply getting lost in the maze of streets for a while to take in the atmosphere.
Casa Grotta di Vico Solitario
If you want to experience what life was like in Matera before modern developments, the Casa Grotta di Vico Solitario is a must-visit. This preserved cave dwelling is set up to show how families lived in these small, stone-carved homes, often alongside their animals. It’s a humbling experience that offers insight into the tough living conditions in the Sassi before the area’s transformation into a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Matera Cathedral (Cattedrale di Matera)
Perched on the highest point of the Civita, this Romanesque cathedral from the 13th century stands proudly above the Sassi districts. The exterior is beautiful, but it’s the interior that will leave you in awe. With its ornate frescoes and intricate decorations, the cathedral is a peaceful and spiritual place to visit. From the outside, you’ll also have one of the best panoramic views of the city and the surrounding ravines.
Palombaro Lungo
Hidden beneath Matera’s main square, Piazza Vittorio Veneto, lies the Palombaro Lungo, a vast underground water cistern that was once crucial for the city’s water supply. Built in the 19th century, the cistern could hold over 5 million liters of water, ensuring the survival of the local population during dry periods. Today, you can explore this enormous underground structure with a guided tour that explains its engineering marvel and importance to Matera’s history. It’s a fascinating stop that not many tourists know about, offering a unique perspective on the city’s ingenuity.
Chiesa di Santa Maria de Idris
This rock church, located on the cliff of Monterrone, is an iconic part of Matera’s skyline. The church is small, but its location offers some of the best views over the Sassi. Inside, you’ll find a collection of beautiful frescoes dating back to the Middle Ages, though some have been damaged over time. It’s a perfect spot for history buffs and photographers alike.
Rupestrian Churches
Matera is famous for its network of rock churches, or “chiese rupestri.” Scattered throughout the Sassi and the surrounding area, these ancient churches were carved into the rock by monks during the Middle Ages. Some of the most notable include Chiesa di San Pietro Barisano, the largest rock church in Matera, and Cripta del Peccato Originale (Crypt of the Original Sin), which is often called the “Sistine Chapel of cave churches” due to its stunning frescoes. Many of these churches are tucked away, so you might want to join a guided tour to uncover their hidden beauty.
These expanded descriptions give you a deeper dive into what makes each of these attractions so unique, and they provide more context for why Matera is such a fascinating place to visit. Each of these sites offers a connection to the past while allowing you to immerse yourself in the beauty and history of this incredible city.
Where to Eat and Drink
Matera is a food lover’s paradise. From traditional Italian cuisine to local Basilicata specialties, you won’t leave disappointed.
- Trattoria Lucana: For a taste of local dishes like orecchiette pasta and lamb cooked with herbs.
- Le Botteghe: A cozy spot offering traditional bread-based dishes. Don’t leave Matera without trying its famous Pane di Matera (Matera bread).
- Enoteca dai Tosi: The perfect place to sample local wines and antipasti in a laid-back atmosphere.
Events and Festivals
Matera hosts a variety of cultural and religious festivals throughout the year.
- Madonna della Bruna: Held in July, this festival celebrates the patron saint of Matera with parades, music, and fireworks.
- Matera Film Festival: If you’re a film buff, time your visit around this October festival that highlights cinematic art from across the globe.
Nightlife
Matera may not have the buzzing nightlife of Rome or Milan, but it offers cozy, atmospheric bars where you can sip on a glass of local wine or craft beer. Many of these spots are located within the Sassi, adding a unique ambiance. Head to Area 8 for a stylish cocktail or Enoteca dai Tosi for a relaxing evening.
Shopping
Shopping in Matera is an eclectic experience. From artisan crafts and handmade ceramics to locally produced food and wine, you’ll find plenty of souvenirs to take home. Via Ridola is a great street to explore for boutiques and local shops.
Transport
Public Transport: Matera has a decent public bus system that will get you around the city and to nearby towns. Tickets are cheap, but buses can be infrequent, especially outside peak hours.
Alternative Transportation: Consider renting a bike to explore the city or join a guided walking tour to see all the main sights.
Best Tips for Getting Around: Matera’s Sassi districts are mostly pedestrian, so be prepared to walk. The streets are steep and cobbled, so wear comfortable shoes. Renting a car is a good option if you plan to explore the surrounding countryside.
Safety and Health
Matera is a safe city, but it’s always good to keep some tips in mind. The uneven cobblestone streets can be tricky to navigate, so watch your step, especially at night. The tap water is safe to drink, and there are plenty of pharmacies if you need any medical assistance.
Accommodation
Matera has a range of accommodation options to suit different budgets.
- Luxury: Stay in a renovated cave hotel, like Sextantio Le Grotte Della Civita, for a unique experience.
- Mid-range: Hotel Basiliani offers modern comforts within the historical center.
- Budget: There are affordable options too, including Ostello dei Sassi, a hostel located in the heart of Matera.
Practical Information
Language and Basic Phrases: Italian is the official language, though many locals working in tourism will speak English. However, learning a few basic phrases in Italian will go a long way:
- Hello: Ciao
- Thank you: Grazie
- How much?: Quanto costa?
- Please: Per favore
Local Currency and Payment Methods: Italy uses the Euro (€). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted, but it’s a good idea to carry some cash, especially in smaller shops or rural areas.
Ready to explore Matera? Pack your bags and get ready for an unforgettable journey through time, culture, and stunning landscapes. See you there!
